ScD in Immunology Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico 2002
MSc in Immunology Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico 1987
M.D. in Medicine College of Medicine, Central University of Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador 1981
Postdoctoral in Molecular Biology University of Texas at El Paso 2002–2003

• Associate Professor (tenured), Department of Environmental & Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Indiana University, Bloomington; 8/2015-present
• Director, Global Environmental Health Research Laboratory, School of Public Health, Indiana University, Bloomington; 8/2015-present
• Faculty Affiliate. Center for Latin American & Caribbean Studies, IU School of Global & International Studies; 3/2018-present
• Associate Professor, Department of Public Health Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso (tenured in 2010); 9/2004–7/2015
• Director, Human Immunology, Nutrition, & Disease Research Laboratory, College of Health Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso; 2004-2015
• Advisory Board Member & Faculty Affiliate, “Buen Ambiente, Buena Salud: Educational Strategies for Addressing Air Quality on the Border, UTEP-Environmental Protection Agency Internship Program; 9/2011-7/2015
• Program Director, U.S.-Mexico Tuberculosis & Infectious Disease  Training, Research & Community Outreach Program, (ENLACES/TIES), University of Texas at El Paso; 2005-2008
• Clinical Research Professor, Department of Health Promotion, College of Health Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso; 9/2003-8/2004
• Graduate Program Director, Graduate School of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Universidad Central del Ecuador, Quito; 1996-1998
• Director, National Tropical Disease Control Program, National Office of Epidemiology, Ministry of Public Health, Quito; 1995-1997
• Director, National Leishmaniasis & Chagas Disease Control Program, National Office of Epidemiology, Ministry of Public Health, Quito; 1993-1995
• Director, Division of Tropical Medicine & Nutrition, Biomedical Research Institute, College of Medicine, Universidad Central del Ecuador, Quito; 1987-2002
• Chief, Tuberculosis Division (Northern Ecuador), National Hygiene Institute "Leopoldo Izquieta Perez", Ministry of Public Health, Quito; 1987-2001
• Director, Immunology Research Laboratory, Biomedical Research Institute, College of Medicine, Universidad Central del Ecuador, Quito; 1987-2002
• Associate Professor, Department of Immunology, College of Medicine, Universidad Central del Ecuador, Quito; 1987-2002
• Assistant Professor, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Universidad Central del Ecuador, Quito; 1982-1984

Scholarly Interests

• Air pollutant exposure (especially UFP and PM_2.5), inflammation, oxidative stress, and cardiorespiratory health of children and women
• Epidemiology, prevention and control of infectious diseases
• Food insecurity, health, and health care
• Health challenges of Latinos/Hispanics, other ethnic minority groups, and immigrants
• Global health

Weigel MM, Armijos RX. (2011) Exploratory study of the occupational health and health-seeking of migrant and seasonal farmworkers on the U.S.-Mexico Border. J Immigrant Minority Health; doi: 10.1007/s10903-011-9503-4.

Weigel MM, Armijos RX, Beltran O*. (2013) Musculoskeletal injury, functional disability, and health-related quality of life in aging Mexican immigrant farmworkers. Journal of Immigrant Minority Health; doi: 10.1007/s10903-013-9788-6.

Sobin C, Flores MG*, Parisi N*, Schaub M*, Cervantes M*, Armijos RX. (2013) Microglial disruption in Young mice with early chronic exposure to lead. Toxicology Letters. 2013;220:44-52.

Armijos RX, Weigel MM, Meyers O, Li WW, Racines M, Berwick M. (2015) Residential exposure to urban traffic is associated with increased carotid intima-media thickness in children. Journal of Environmental and Public Health; 713540.

Weigel MM, Armijos RX, Racines M, Cevallos W. (2016) Food Insecurity is associated with undernutrition but not overnutrition in Ecuadorian women from low-income urban neighborhoods. J Environ Public Health; 8149459. doi:10.1155/2016

Weigel MM, Armijos RX, Racines M, Cevallos W, Castro NP. (2016) Association of household food insecurity with the mental and physical health of low-income urban Ecuadorian women with children. J Environ Public Health; http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/ 5256084

Raysoni AU*, Armijos RX, Weigel MM, Montoya T*, Echanique P, Racines M, Li WW. (2016) Assessment of indoor and outdoor PM species at schools and residences in a high-altitude Ecuadorian urban center. Environmental Pollution;214:668-79.

Kipp E*, Mariscal J*, Armijos RX, Weigel MM, Waldrup K. (2016) Genetic evidence of enzootic leishmaniasis in a stray canine and Texas mouse from sites in West and Central Texas. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz.; 111(10):652-654. doi: 10.1590/0074-02760160225.

Raysoni AU*, Armijos RX, Weigel MM, Echanique P, Racines M, Pingitore NE, Li WW. (2017) Evaluation of sources and patterns of elemental composition of PM_2.5 at three low-income neighborhood schools and residences in Quito, Ecuador. Int J Environ Res Public Health; 14(7). pii: E674. doi: 10.3390/ijerph 14070674.

Weigel MM, Armijos RX. (2018) Household food insecurity and psychosocial dysfunction in Ecuadorian elementary schoolchildren. Int J Pediatrics;1-7 doi: https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/6067283.

Olvera H, Meyers O, Weigel MM, Armijos RX. (2018) The value of using seasonality and meterological variables to model intra-urban PM_2.5 variation. Atmospheric Environment; 182:1-8.

Obeng-GyasiE*, Armijos RX, Weigel MM, Filippeli G, Sayegh A. (2018) Hepatobiliary-related outcomes in U.S. adults exposed to lead. Environments, 5(4); 46 doi:10.3390/environments504004.

Obeng-GyasiE*, Armijos RX, Weigel MM, Filippeli G, Sayegh A. (2018) Cardiovascular-related outcomes in U.S. adults exposed to lead. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 15(4), 759 doi: 10.3390/ijerph 15040759.

Weigel MM, Armijos RX. (2018) Food insecurity, cardiometabolic health, and health care in U.S.-Mexico border immigrant adults: An exploratory study. J Immigr Minority Health, doi: 10.1007/s10903-018-0817-3.

Arroyo IZ, Gomez C*, Alarcon H*, Jimenez A, Pardo A, Montaño G, Armijos RX, Noveron JC. (2018) Alkyl length effects on the DNA transport properties of Cu (II) and Zn(II) metallovesicles: an in vitro and in vivo study. Journal of Drug Delivery; https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/2851579.

Khan KM, Weigel MM, Yonts S, Rohlman D, Armijos RX. Residential exposure to urban traffic is associated with the poorer neurobehavioral health of Ecuadorian schoolchildren. Neurotoxicology. 2019; 73:31-39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuro.2019.02.018.

Wang Y*, Armijos RX, Xun P, Weigel MM. Dietary inflammatory index and cardiometabolic risk in Ecuadorian women. Nutrients 2021; 13(8), 2640; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13082640

Armijos RX⁺, Weigel MM⁺, Obeng-Gyasi E, Racines-Orbe M. Elevated blood lead and metal/metalloid levels and environmental exposure sources in urban Ecuadorian school-age children and mothers. International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health 2021; 235:113770. doi: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2021.113770

Weigel MM, Armijos RX. Maternal care and infant outcomes of Colombian and Venezuelan immigrants in Ecuador. Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health J Immigr Minor Health. 2022 Jun 6:1–10. doi: 10.1007/s10903-022-01370-4. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 35666372; PMCID: PMC9169017.

Weigel MM, Armijos RX. Ecuadorian school food environment: association with healthy and unhealthy food and beverage consumption and BMI. Food and Nutrition Bulletin 2022; 21:3795721221116447. doi: 10.1177/03795721221116447. PMID: 35993259.

Wang Y, Armijos RX, Weigel MM. Dietary inflammatory index and cardiometabolic risk in Ecuadorian school-age children. Journal of American Nutrition Association 2022; 18:1-10. doi: 10.1080/27697061.2022.2113177.